The Lakeport Plantation is one of only two remaining antebellum plantations on the Mississippi River in Arkansas. The Socioeconomic Role of Slavery in the Arkansas Upcountry. Arkansas Historical Quarterly 58 (Spring 1999): 4560. These plantations offer a variety of activities for visitors to enjoy, such as tours of the grounds, gardens, and homes. term "slaveholder" rather than "slave owner", so that questions of justice and legality of claims of ownership need not be Many of these purchases were made by people who have recently gained wealth or who made smart financial decisions. Arkansas had fewer slaves and more families that never owned them than other Southern states at the time, resulting in a difference in attitudes toward slavery. Housed in a series of buildings is the main museum originally built as a general store in 1912, the Dortch Gin Exhibit containing a 1916 cotton gin, Seed Warehouse #5 which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places, and a Historic Tractor Exhibit In some cases, the supplements came from plantation gardens. Music also constituted an important part of slave culture. were enumerated with the same surname. The plantation has over 1,250 acres (495 ha) in South Carolina and has been in the same family since the 1760s. Despite Arkansas status as a slave state until 1865, it was readmitted to the Union as a state. Fayetteville: University of Arkansas Press, 2000. Slaves clothing was usually manufactured on the plantation out of coarse or low-quality cloth. The first recorded instance of slavery in Arkansas was in 1562 when a Spanish conquistador enslaved an Native American. only about one sixth more than what the colored population had been 100 years before.) Using Primary Sources on the Web, rev. In 1957, nine African-American students attempted to integrate Little Rock Central High School. This was the plantation societys administrative and social center. Georgia Plantations and The History Of Their Roots The mall The history of the Arkansas Society, which was founded in 1819-1861. PLANTATION NAMES. Greenfield Park with its lake and plentiful azaleas is the site of Dr. Samuel Green s colonial plantation of the same name. (As a side note, by 1960, 100 years Slave traders were purchased by the plantation owner. Special thanks to the Department of Arkansas Heritage. Slavery in Washington County, Arkansas, 18281860. MA thesis, University of Arkansas, 1995. 5 Arkansas Plantation Homes & Tours- History and Beauty Arkansas Plantation Homes and Tours. Search for newspapers in our collection by county, city, decade, or combination. She resides in Western Arkansas' Mountain Frontier but calls NWA home as well. Moneyhon, Carl H. The Slave Family in Arkansas. Arkansas Historical Quarterly 58 (Spring 1999): 2444. This project is funded in part by a National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) Sustaining the Humanities through the American Rescue Plan grant award. Some of these plantations are still in operation as working farms, while others have been converted into tourist attractions or other uses. Slave Culture The Elms Plantation is located at 400 W. Elm Plantation Rd., Altheimer, AR 72004. This large commercial project sought to film plantation-related materials: Little Rock: Butler Center Books, 2018. White Fear of Black Rebellion in Antebellum Arkansas, 18191865. In The Elaine Massacre and Arkansas: A Century of Atrocity and Resistance, 18191919, edited by Guy Lancaster. showed a significant increase. Ironically, the war contained the seeds of destruction for the institution it was intended to protect. There is so little justice I can find in my heritage. This transcription lists the names of those largest slaveholders in the County, the number of slaves they held in 
This large commercial project sought to film plantation-related materials: diaries, letters, farm books, bills of sale, ledgers, and other records from various archives throughout the country. African-Americans in Arkansas faced many challenges during the Civil War. Despite this, the lack of access to military records impedes archives ability to respond effectively to reference requests. About Us | Contact Us | Copyright | Report Inappropriate Material 
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Today, a small number of farms continue to grow alongside large plantations. Using plantation names to locate ancestors can be difficult. Slavery in Independence County. Independence County Chronicle 41 (AprilJuly 2000). Battershell, Gary. The Greek Revival mansion was built at the turn of the century and served as the Dortch home for over three decades. Learn more. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2023. At this point, usually in July, crops generally did not require intensive cultivation, and field work ended. Only six percent of African captives were sent directly to North America from colonial Africa. They are released 70 years after the census date. Rangers and Outlaws: Two accounts of the Old Texas Frontier-Six Years With the T. $54.44. As in the case of religion, the enslaved molded their music into a form that voiced their feelings about their enslavement. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 2018. Many plantations were simply abandoned as the owners were in financial difficulty. Particularly in the case of these larger slaveholders, the data seems to show in general not many freed slaves in 1870 were using the surname of their 1860 slaveholder. WebIn Arkansas in 1860 there were 69 farms of 1,000 acres or more, the largest size category enumerated in the census, and another 307 farms of 500-999 acres. In Arkansas in 1860 there were 69 farms of Share your experience with us in the comments below! University of Arkansas at Little Rock. Every day, plantation cooks prepared large meals for the enslaved families living in the big house and the families who lived in the small house. For the most part, the enslaved attempted to establish family life in the slave quarters even though the law prevented legal marriage. An archive of books, pamphlets, court records, and manuscript materials consisting of debates on slavery and abolition. Life for plantation workers was harsh, with long hours and little pay. After experiencing the grandeur of Marlsgate, take a tour of the Scott Plantation Settlement for a unique chance to experience the other side of plantation life. All hands went back into the fields in August, however, when picking began and stayed there often until the end of the year. Scipio Africanus Jones was born in 1863 in Tulip, Arkansas to a slave, Jemmima Jones. [1] [2] [3] Exploring The Pros And Cons, Exploring The Pros And Cons Of Adding Carb Cleaner To A Gasoline-Powered Lawn Mower Fuel System. All of Texas and Oklahoma, as well as Arkansas from the 1800s to the present, were included in the territory. 5820) on November 3, 2015, to establish a list of eighteen invasive plants to be restricted from being installed Finally, Arkansas had a higher number of slave rebellions and uprisings than any other slave state. Manumission in the Arkansas River Valley: Three Case Histories. Arkansas Historical Quarterly 66 (Winter 2007): 422443. Give a donation in someones name to mark a special occasion, honor a friend or colleague or remember a beloved family member. Howard, Rebecca A. The vast majority of slaves worked as field hands, usually from sunrise to sunset every day of the week except Sunday. The collection includes financial and agricultural records for a Dallas County Plantation beginning in the 1830s, as well as a personal diary created by the plantation owner covering the years 1839-1840. In 1857, we take a look back at the Evergreen Plantation. in Library Science. This was due to the fact that Arkansas had a large number of former slaves who had escaped from other states and came to Arkansas to find freedom. Census", available through Heritage Quest at http://www.heritagequest.com/ . Napoleon Hill, Arkansas 72501, USA 7. For more WebLakeport Plantation is a historic antebellum plantation house located near Lake Village, Arkansas. It aided in the development of the cotton industry as well as the wealth creation of slaveholders in the south. Slavery in Arkansas (Part I). Arkansas Historical Quarterly 3 (Spring 1944): 6690. Slavery made possible the rapid expansion of the cotton frontier within Arkansas, and slave labor contributed greatly to the states material wealth, adding at least $16 million to the economy each year and making Arkansas the sixth largest cotton producer in the United States by 1860. Visit one of Arkansas eight historic estates and plantations. Online at https://lawrepository.ualr.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1729&context=lawreview (accessed April 20, 2021). WebArkansas African American Military Records Documenting African Americans in the Records of Military Agencies In the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA), there are vast quantities of records in numerous record groups (RGs) pertaining to the participation of African Americans in the military. It was estimated that 283,000 slaves lived in Virginia alone at the time, accounting for 42 percent of all slaves in the United States. listed. Smith, Ted J. about a 10% increase. Plantation workers are important to our history because it is a part of our history. Racially related terms such as African American, black, mulatto and colored are used as in Covers: 1500-1900. Hancox, Louise M. Picturing a Nation Divided: Art, American Identity, and the Crisis over Slavery. PhD diss., University of Arkansas, 2018. Slavery in Arkansas (Part II). Arkansas Historical Quarterly 3 (Summer 1944): 150163. later, the County was listed as having 17,584 whites, over a four fold increase, but the 1960 total of 5,757 "Negroes"was Bearing Witness: Memories of Arkansas Slavery: Narratives from the 1930s WPA Collections. The University Libraries own Series J: Part 6 (Selections from the Southern Historical Collection, Manuscripts Department, Library of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill). An Arkansas Fugitive Slave Incident and Its International Repercussions. Arkansas Historical Quarterly 16 (Summer 1957): 139149. Some planters allowed slaves to tend small patches of their own. The National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) houses a large number of records relating to African Americans during military service in a variety of Record Groups (RGs). Slaves worked six days per week from sunrise to sunset. They often could secure concessions from masters or overseers by sabotaging crops or outright defiance against their demands. The 1850 census indicated that the death rate among the enslaved in Arkansas was 1.83 per thousand, considerably lower than the overall national average of 2.13. The National Register of Historic Places or another heritage register is a list of historic places or plantations in the United States of America that are national monuments, National Historic Landmarks, or listed on the National Register. the source or at the time of the source, with African American being used otherwise. Its easy to forget that the plantation system was a part of American history. Al Hibbler made his national television debut in 1959 as the first blind entertainer. Have you been to any of the lavish homes in Arkansas? WebFor example, in Alabama in 1860 there were 482 farms of 1,000 acres or more, the largest size category enumerated in the census, and another 1,359 farms of 500-999 acres. Linking names of plantations in this County with the names of the large holders on this list should not be a difficult research task, but it is beyond the scope of this transcription. Arkansas was more likely to be abolished as a result of this because it showed that the majority of people in the state did not take a position in the institution. Each room of a home in these settings had its own distinct character, and many of them contained twelve or fifteen rooms. names of plantations in this County with the names of the large holders on this list should not be a difficult research task, but The 1860 census counted 69 farms with 1,000 acres or more, which was the largest number of farms of this size. Owners usually purchased shoes, but the enslaved often did without them except in the winter. $32.50. Durning, Dan. In 1901, a race riot occurred in Arkansas City, and in 1919, a race riot occurred in Elaine. At night, they would retire to their homes, where they would often entertain guests or host parties. 72201. Contemporary whites often looked at their peculiar institution as a benevolent one and saw the lack of any notable slave revolts in Arkansas as reflecting its benign character. Monte Ne, Arkansas: This area can be found in the Ozark hills of the White River valley, located east of Rogers on the edge of Beaver Lake. Also known as Beechwood Hall. When using plantation names to locate ancestors, it can be difficult because the names of the plantations may have changed over time. Pre-European Exploration, Prehistory through 1540, European Exploration and Settlement, 1541 through 1802, Louisiana Purchase through Early Statehood, 1803 through 1860, Civil War through Reconstruction, 1861 through 1874, Post-Reconstruction through the Gilded Age, 1875 through 1900, Early Twentieth Century, 1901 through 1940, World War II through the Faubus Era, 1941 through 1967, Divergent Prosperity and the Arc of Reform, 19682022, http://www.nps.gov/subjects/ugrr/discover_history/upload/Fugitives-from-Injustice-Freedom-Seeking-Slaves-in-Arkansas.pdf, https://lawrepository.ualr.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1729&context=lawreview, Louisiana Purchase through Early Statehood (1803 - 1860), Life in the Arkansas Territory (Grades 5-8), ARKANSAS SLAVE CENSUS COMPARED TO TOTAL POPULATION: 1840, 1850, 1860 (BY COUNTY). Step Into History At These 8 Arkansas Estates And Plantations 1. such age enumerated, out of a total of 3,950,546 slaves nationwide. Arkansas native, Carol Ann Carson, has written for OnlyInYourState for three years now. The settlement has multiple buildings from the Civil War era including the Big House, which had been part of the Dortch's first home before they upgraded to the Marlsgate in 1905. Should I Form A Corporation For My Lawn Mowing Company? colored population during that time, and were therefore more likely possible places of relocation for colored persons from Notable plantations in Arkansas include the Plantation Agriculture Museum, Arkansas Post, and the Arkansas Repertory Theatre. Plantation agriculture in the Southeastern United States, Habre-de-venture; Thomas Stone National Historic Site, Killearn Plantation Archeological and Historic District, Mala Compra Plantation Archeological Site, List of plantations in Georgia (U.S. state), List of plantations in Kentucky (U.S. state), Col. Elijah Sterling Clack Robertson Plantation, Rustenberg Plantation South Historic District, How to Apply the National Register Criteria for Evaluation, "National Historic Landmarks Survey: List of National Historic Landmarks by State", "National Historic Landmark Program: NHL Database", "Hibernia Plantation History - Clay County Florida", "New Switzerland Plantation Marker, St. Johns County, FL", "National Register of Historical Places - Tennessee (TN), Cocke County", "National Register of Historic Places Inventory/Nomination: Virgin Islands National Park Multiple Resource Area", Plantation complexes in the Southern United States, Slave health on plantations in the United States, Treatment of the enslaved in the United States, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plantations_in_the_United_States&oldid=1141148351, Lists of buildings and structures in the United States, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0. [1][2][3], As of 1728, there were 91 plantation lots defined on Saint John, U.S. Virgin Islands. Today it is a premiere hunting lodge and is now part of the largest woman-owned and operated commercial duck hunting business in the south. In 1769, the first recorded slave revolt in Arkansas occurred when a group of slaves killed their owner, Pierre Antoine Tanguy, and two other white men, and escaped into the Arkansas Territory. Enslaved adults with skills such as carpentry or blacksmithing could bring enormous prices, with some such slaves costing as high as $2,800. WebIn Arkansas in 1860 there were 69 farms of 1,000 acres or more, the largest size category enumerated in the census, and another 307 farms of 500-999 acres. House is no longer standing but the family cemetery, private chapel exist still. They typically had a few servants who helped with the daily running of the household and the plantation. Robert L. Dortch created the museum in the early 1960s and the family's gin house and seed warehouse can be toured. Fayetteville: University of Arkansas Press, 2018. Despite the difficult conditions, many African Americans continued to work on plantations because they had few other options for employment. There is a lot of history to be found in Arkansas plantation records. (Mount Royal Plantation exteriors) 12 of 12 found this interesting. The Big House served as the plantations central location, where the planter and his family entertained and entertained visitors. It is a region rich in farms and plantations in cities and Lawrence County. The Dortch family home is located at 2695 Bear Skin Lake Rd., Scott, AR 72142. Slavery was used to fuel the plantation economy. It was built around 1859 by Lycurgus Johnson with the profits of slave labor. Fugitivism: Escaping Slavery in the Lower Mississippi Valley, 18201860. The Peel Mansion, built by the first native Arkansan elected to Congress, was dedicated to Colonel Samuel West Peel in 1875. They were owned, however, by only about twenty-six percent of the states slave owners. Designed by Elegant Themes | Powered by WordPress. Linking names of plantations in this County with the names of the large holders on this list should not be a difficult research task, but it is beyond the scope of this transcription. There is a beautiful plantation in the area that has been beautifully restored. American chattel slavery was a unique institution that emerged in the English colonies in America in the seventeenth century. The Sugar Industry was frequently mechanized, and that resulted in a significant amount of debt incurred by sugar planters. Numerous statutes made it clear that the white community knew their slaves were human beings and could not be dealt with in the same way as livestock. Some of the more notable plantations are: The Plantation House, The Columns, and The Grand Manor. . Additional support provided by the Arkansas Community Foundation. MIGRATION OF FORMER SLAVES: According to U.S. Census data, the 1860 Arkansas County population included Slave labor would be carried out on the plantation. In cases where a master allowed slaves to carry arms and hunt, they added wild game and fish to their diet. The Lawrence County estate, # x27, is located in rural Georgia. Creole cuisine was born as a result of their cooking. When Mr. DAutrive, Chevalier de St. Louis, received a Spanish Land Grant in 1765, he built the Acadian House. For more information, contact 501-918-3025 orcalsfoundation@cals.org. You'll receive your first newsletter soon! According to the 1860 Arkansas census, there were 69 farms of 1,000 acres or more, the largest size category, as well as 307 farms of 500999 acres or more. Elisha Worthington of Chicot County was the states largest slave owner, holding more than 500 people on the eve of the Civil War. Built 1740, also known as the John Dickinson House. Piggott, Arkansas 72653 is the location of a number of Arkansas plantations, including Milledgeville. The group not only created art, music, and dance, but it also created a unique social life based on close relationships. Slavery in Arkansas encouraged the states economic development in the antebellum period, but it also played a major role in determining the states catastrophic course in the sectional crisis of the 1850s. A religious life also developed within the slave community, especially variations on Protestant Christianity. addressed in this transcription. The best hidden gems and little known destinations - straight to your inbox. Plantations and the family 's gin house and seed warehouse can be difficult because names. 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